· acids produce H+ ions in aqueous solutions
· bases produce OH- ions in aqueous solutions
Johannes Nicolaus Brønsted - Thomas Martin Lowry
· acids are proton donors
· bases are proton acceptors
Gilbert Newton Lewis
. acids are electron pair acceptors
· bases are electron pair donors
Properties of Acids
· Taste sour (don't taste them!)... the word 'acid' comes from the Latin acere, which means 'sour'
· Acids change litmus (a blue vegetable dye) from blue to red
· their aqueous (water) solutions conduct electric current (are electrolytes)
· react with bases to form salts and water
· evolve hydrogen gas (H2) upon reaction with an active metal (such as alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, zinc, aluminium)
Properties of Bases
· Taste bitter (don't taste them!)
· Feel slippery or soapy (don't arbitrarily touch them!)
· bases don't change the colour of litmus; they can turn red (acidified) litmus back to blue
· their aqueous (water) solutions conduct and electric current (are electrolytes)
· react with acids to form salts and water.
· bases are electron pair donors
Properties of Acids
· Taste sour (don't taste them!)... the word 'acid' comes from the Latin acere, which means 'sour'
· Acids change litmus (a blue vegetable dye) from blue to red
· their aqueous (water) solutions conduct electric current (are electrolytes)
· react with bases to form salts and water
· evolve hydrogen gas (H2) upon reaction with an active metal (such as alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, zinc, aluminium)
Properties of Bases
· Taste bitter (don't taste them!)
· Feel slippery or soapy (don't arbitrarily touch them!)
· bases don't change the colour of litmus; they can turn red (acidified) litmus back to blue
· their aqueous (water) solutions conduct and electric current (are electrolytes)
· react with acids to form salts and water.
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